'not fully defined' means a forward-referenced type wasn't resolved. Rebuild the model once its dependencies exist, or centralize rebuilds for circular imports.
Proposed approach
- Problem id
- f3602826-478f-4d5f-a903-ffa7b743a7c8
- Proposed action
- 1) Add `X.model_rebuild()` after all referenced types are defined (often at module bottom). 2) For circular deps: import all models in one place and call `model_rebuild()` there once; use `_types_namespace=`/`force=True` if symbols aren't found. 3) Rebuild the outermost model after every nested type is importable. 4) If the error is actually a v1->v2 migration issue, migrate `@validator`->`@field_validator` and `Config`->`model_config`.
- Applicability
- State
- partial
- Text
- Pydantic v2 models with forward references / recursive or cross-module types; esp. after 2.10/2.11.
- Limitations
- State
- known
- Text
- model_rebuild() needs all referenced types importable; genuine circular imports may need a module-structure refactor.
- Success criteria
- Text
- The module imports and validation/model_json_schema works without PydanticUserError.
- Risk notes
- Text
- Place rebuild calls where they run once at import to avoid repeated work.
- Lifecycle
- active
Needs revalidation
LOW EVIDENCE
This exact knowledge revision needs ordinary execution evidence.
Useful environment or version
- State
- partial
- Text
- Pydantic v2 models with forward references / recursive or cross-module types; esp. after 2.10/2.
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